Bio-energy cycle of Jatropha

·        Seed oil extraction

          hand press, mechanic expellers or solvent extraction

·        Transesterification

          Oil + ethanol + catalyst* = Bio-diesel + glycerol

·        Anaerobic Fermentation

         Fruit hulls + Seedcake = Biogas + Compost

·        Extra uses: Medicinal, combustibles, anti-erosion, soap production

R & D IN JATROPHA BIOTECH

One of the greatest challenges to the widespread deployment and use of biofuels is developing a dedicated energy crops that are cost-effective, easy to sustain and can produce greater yields. Such energy crop that produces biofuels and holds particular promise for sustainable development and a sustainable environment is Jatropha .

The main objectives of research in field of Jatropha:     

·        Genetically improved tree species of Jatropha and other oil bearing trees, to produce better quality and quantity of oil.

·        To make available quality planting material by establishment of high tech    nurseries.

·        Research on inter-cropping for agriculture, agro-forestry and forestry application

·        Processing techniques including bio-diesel and uses of by-products.

·        Utilisation of different oils and oil blends including potential additives needed.

·        Blending, storage and transport of bio-diesel.

·        Watering techniques, water and irrigation needs and wastewater use are not part of the program.

·        Marketing and trade

By cultivating these energy-producing plants, processing them and finally producing biodiesel, we are creating new sources of income for the rural farmers.

Jatropha is a valuable multi-purpose crop to alleviate soil degradation, desertification and deforestation, which can be used for bio-energy to replace petro-diesel, for soap production and climatic protection, and hence deserves specific attention.

Biotechnological approaches to the improvement of Jatropha curcas

Tissue culture protocols for the rapid propagation of selected genotypes of Jatropha curcas and for further genetic improvement are highly desirable. These allow the rapid supply of planting material for new plantations from genotypes selected for their properties, be it yield or resistance aspects. Initiation of aseptic cultures from seeds after varying storage periods (1 - 3 years) and the multiplication phase have been optimised for a range of different genotypes from various geographical origins (Nicaragua, Mexico, Cabo Verde, Santa Lucia (in Nicaragua), Madagascar). Besides the composition of the culture media one of the key factors was the cutting technique during propagation. Trials to optimise rooting and acclimatisation are currently underway.

 
In parallel experiments to induce somatic embryogenesis from callus and adventitious shoots from different explants, e.g. leaves, petioles and stems were carried out. This represents the necessary basis for genetic improvement by transformation or mutagenesis. Adventitious shoots from leaf discs of the genotype Santa Lucia were obtained on media supplemented with BA and IBA.

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Last modified: 09/02/07